Yoga and Psychiatry may seem like very different practices at first glance. In general, one is a psychophysical practice with a special focus on breath awareness, meditation, and physical postures. The other is a medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of severe psychological distress. However, these two disciplines have more in common than one might think. In fact, they can complement each other effectively and, together, provide a more comprehensive approach to mental health. It is worth noting that one of the meanings attributed to the Sanskrit word "yoga" is "to unite, to connect," which highlights its relevance in the field of mental health.
In recent years, the relationship between yoga and psychiatry has been studied more than ever, and there is growing evidence that the two are closely connected. Several studies have explored the connection between yoga and mental health. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials conducted in 2013 found that yoga can be an effective complementary treatment for depression, anxiety, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Another systematic review from 2017 indicated that yoga may improve symptoms of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). There is also evidence that yoga can help with substance use disorders.
The mechanism by which yoga improves mental health is not yet fully understood. However, some theories suggest that yoga’s physical postures and breathing exercises activate the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes relaxation and reduces stress. Additionally, yoga can enhance self-awareness and self-regulation, helping individuals manage their emotions and behaviors more effectively.
Beyond its potential benefits for mental health, yoga can also be beneficial for individuals experiencing physical health issues related to mental health conditions. For example, a 2015 systematic review suggests that yoga can improve symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), which is commonly associated with anxiety and depression. Yoga may also be useful for individuals dealing with chronic pain, which often presents both physical and mental health challenges.
Incorporating yoga into a mental health treatment plan can also have positive effects. Through regular yoga practice, an individual’s awareness of their body, senses, and mind fosters self-knowledge, which can aid in the self-regulation of symptoms related to severe psychological distress, such as anxiety and depressive episodes. Ideally, yoga should serve as a personal resource for prevention, supporting the much-sought emotional balance. Yoga helps individuals become more conscious of their thoughts and emotions, which can be beneficial in therapy. This increased self-awareness can also aid in developing coping skills, such as mindfulness and emotional regulation, that can be applied outside of therapy sessions.
Furthermore, the teachings of this ancient tradition have great potential to help individuals seeking mental health care better understand their suffering. This is one of the ways I integrate what I have learned from yoga into my clinical practice, often empowering patients to take a more active role in their own healing process.
However, it is important to emphasize that yoga should not be seen as a substitute for traditional psychiatric treatment. Instead, it should be regarded as a complementary therapy that can be used alongside medication and psychotherapy.
In conclusion, the relationship between yoga and psychiatry is a promising area of research. While further studies are needed to fully understand the mechanisms through which yoga improves mental health, growing evidence suggests that it can be an effective complementary treatment for various mental health conditions. With more research and integration into traditional psychiatric care, yoga has the potential to become a valuable tool for promoting mental health and overall well-being.
Dr. André Luiz Figueirêdo, MD
Psychiatrist
CRM-SP¹ 224805 | RQE² 95913
¹REGIONAL COUNCIL OF MEDICINE REGISTER #
²SPECIALIST QUAILIFICATION REGISTER #
Opmerkingen